(male) One of the many French names of Germanic origin that were introduced into Britain by the Normans; it has since remained in continuous use. It is derived from the nearly synonymous elements hrōd ‘fame’ + berht ‘bright, famous’, and had a native Old English predecessor of similar form (Hreodbeorht), which was supplanted by the Norman name. Two dukes of Normandy in the 11th century bore the name: the father of William the Conqueror (sometimes identified with the legendary Robert the Devil), and his eldest son. It was borne also by three kings of Scotland, notably Robert the Bruce (1274–1329), who freed Scotland from English domination. The altered short form Bob is very common, but Hob and Dob, which were common in the Middle Ages and gave rise to surnames, are extinct. See also Rupert.
Short forms: Bob, Rob.
Pet forms: Bobby, Robbie, Robin.
Cognates: Irish: Roibéard. Scottish Gaelic: Raibeart. German: Robert, Rupprecht. Dutch: Robrecht, Rob(b)ert. Scandinavian: Robert. French: Robert. Spanish, Portuguese, Italian: Roberto. Czech: Robert. Finnish: Roopertti. Hungarian: Róbert. Latvian: Roberts.
German: 1. from Middle High German kunkel ‘spindle’, ‘distaff’ (from Late Latin conicula, conucula diminutive of conus ‘cone’, ‘peg’), hence a metonymic occupational name for a maker of spindles or a spinner or alternatively a nickname for a tall thin person. 2. from a medieval German personal name, a pet form of Kuno (see Kuhn). 3. possibly from Low German kunkel ‘dugout’, ‘shelter’, or ‘deep water’, of uncertain application: perhaps a topographic name. 4. (Künkel): habitational name from a manor near Eisenack (Thuringia) or Erkelenz (Westphalia).