(male) One of the many French names of Germanic origin that were introduced into Britain by the Normans; it has since remained in continuous use. It is derived from the nearly synonymous elements hrōd ‘fame’ + berht ‘bright, famous’, and had a native Old English predecessor of similar form (Hreodbeorht), which was supplanted by the Norman name. Two dukes of Normandy in the 11th century bore the name: the father of William the Conqueror (sometimes identified with the legendary Robert the Devil), and his eldest son. It was borne also by three kings of Scotland, notably Robert the Bruce (1274–1329), who freed Scotland from English domination. The altered short form Bob is very common, but Hob and Dob, which were common in the Middle Ages and gave rise to surnames, are extinct. See also Rupert.
Short forms: Bob, Rob.
Pet forms: Bobby, Robbie, Robin.
Cognates: Irish: Roibéard. Scottish Gaelic: Raibeart. German: Robert, Rupprecht. Dutch: Robrecht, Rob(b)ert. Scandinavian: Robert. French: Robert. Spanish, Portuguese, Italian: Roberto. Czech: Robert. Finnish: Roopertti. Hungarian: Róbert. Latvian: Roberts.
English: topographic name for someone who lived in a ‘new house’, from Middle English newe + hous, or a habitational name from any of various minor places named with these elements, for example in Cheshire and West Yorkshire. Newsham in Lincolnshire was often Neuhouse in the medieval period, the modern form in -ham representing an alternative from Old English dative plural -um.
Translation of Scandinavian Nyhus, German and Ashkenazic Jewish Neuhaus (topographic or habitational names), or Hungarian Újházi, a habitational name for someone from any of various places named with új ‘new’ + ház ‘house’.