(male) Probably the most successful of all the Old French names of Germanic origin that were introduced to England by the Normans. It is derived from Germanic wil ‘will, desire’ + helm ‘helmet, protection’. The fact that it was borne by the Conqueror himself does not seem to have inhibited its favour with the ‘conquered’ population: in the first century after the Conquest it was the commonest male name of all, and not only among the Normans. In the later Middle Ages it was overtaken by John, but continued to run second to that name until the 20th century, when the picture became more fragmented.
Short forms: Will, Bill.
Pet forms: Willy, Willie, Billy.
Cognates: Irish: Uilliam. Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam. Welsh: Gwilym. German: Wilhelm. Dutch: Willem. Scandinavian: Vilhelm. French: Guillaume. Spanish: Guilermo. Catalan: Guillem. Portuguese: Guilherme. Italian: Guglielmo. Czech: Vilém. Slovenian: Viljem. Hungarian: Vilmos. Lithuanian: Vilhelmas. Latvian: Vilhelms.
English: habitational name from any of various places, for example in Devon, Dorset, Essex, Kent, and Warwickshire, so named from Old English lang, long ‘long’ + dūn ‘hill’.
FOREBEARS Samuel Langdon, Harvard College president in 1774–80, was born in Boston, MA, in 1723 but lived out his years in Hampton Falls, NH. Three of his children left descendants. His grandfather Philip (b. 1646) had came from Braunton in Devon, England, and was married in Andover, Essex Co., MA, in 1684, according to family historians. Another early Langdon immigrant was Tobias Langdon, who came to America before 1660 and settled in Portsmouth, NH. His great-grandson John was a revolutionary war leader, U.S.senator, and NH governor.