(male) Probably the most successful of all the Old French names of Germanic origin that were introduced to England by the Normans. It is derived from Germanic wil ‘will, desire’ + helm ‘helmet, protection’. The fact that it was borne by the Conqueror himself does not seem to have inhibited its favour with the ‘conquered’ population: in the first century after the Conquest it was the commonest male name of all, and not only among the Normans. In the later Middle Ages it was overtaken by John, but continued to run second to that name until the 20th century, when the picture became more fragmented.
Short forms: Will, Bill.
Pet forms: Willy, Willie, Billy.
Cognates: Irish: Uilliam. Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam. Welsh: Gwilym. German: Wilhelm. Dutch: Willem. Scandinavian: Vilhelm. French: Guillaume. Spanish: Guilermo. Catalan: Guillem. Portuguese: Guilherme. Italian: Guglielmo. Czech: Vilém. Slovenian: Viljem. Hungarian: Vilmos. Lithuanian: Vilhelmas. Latvian: Vilhelms.
English: habitational name from places in Devon and Cheshire, named in Old English as ‘common wood or clearing’, from (ge)mǣne ‘common’, ‘shared’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The surname is still chiefly found in the regions around these villages.
English: nickname from Middle English mannly ‘manly’, ‘virile’, ‘brave’ (Old English mannlīc, originally ‘man-like’).
Irish (County Cork): Anglicized form of Ó Máinle (and often pronounced Mauly), of unexplained origin. Compare Malley.
Irish (Connacht and Donegal): shortened Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Maonghaile ‘descendant of Maonghal’, a personal name derived from words meaning ‘wealth’ and ‘valor’.